Calix

Calix or icis (Latin calix / icis-glass / mug) - ancient open objects for drinking in Ancient Rome. They were created mainly from clay (ceramics),glass,wood and metals,including precious ones. The name of this item for drinking beverages could change depending on its subspecies. For example,a large wine mug could be called cantharus,and a glass for playing dice-fritillus.

Ceramics from Britain. 3rd century AD

Ceramic mug. 1st century AD

A glass tumbler. Pompeii. 1st century AD

Naturally,the dishes were actively used by all peoples on the territory of the ancient Mediterranean. Ceramic tableware is the most common type. The technique of different peoples was somewhat different,but retained the same functionality. In Greece,dishes were often painted. But for example,glassware was most common in the Roman Empire.

Form and Function

The calix (Latin calix) is a drinking vessel close to a cup or goblet. In Roman everyday life it could be used for wine, water, and mixed drinks. Such vessels varied by material: pottery, glass, bronze, silver, and simpler local forms reflected both the owner's means and the specific drinking context.

Use Context

The calix belongs in topics such as feasting, kitchen life, taverns, military camps, and domestic settings. For reconstruction it is important not to confuse display-quality silver forms with field tableware: the same term can cover different levels of finish. Vessel choice should account for date, region, table setting, and whether the character drinks at home, on the road, or at a celebration.