Ancient Rome

Rome (Ital. and lat. Rome is one of the oldest cities in the world,the ancient capital of the Roman Empire. Even in Antiquity (III century AD),Rome was often called Eternal (Latin: Roma Aeterna),one of the first so wrote the Roman poet Albius Tibullus (I century BC) in his second elegy. Ideas about the " eternity " of Rome were largely preserved after the fall of the ancient Roman civilization,bringing the corresponding epithet to modern languages. It should also be noted that Ancient Rome (or simply Rome) usually refers not to the city itself,but to the Roman state formation itself in the era of antiquity. Rome was founded on the left bank of the Tiber River,25 km from the Tyrrhenian Sea and almost the same distance from the Apennine mountain range,in a valley descending from the Apennines to the sea. The date of foundation is considered to be April 21,753 BC. e. The ancient Roman calendar begins with the foundation of Rome. Unlike most European cities,the area of urban development is only about a quarter of the area inside the city limits. Rome is also called the "city on the seven hills": initially the settlements were located on the Palatine hill,later the neighboring hills — Capitol and Quirinal-were settled. A little later,settlements appeared on the last four hills: Caelia,Aventina,Esquilina and Viminal. Currently,Rome is the capital and largest city of Italy,the administrative center of the Lazio region and the province of Rome.

Rome City Plan

Periodization of Roman history

I period – The royal period 753/754 BC-509 BC (formation of the state,reforms of Servius Tullius). II period – Republic Era: - Early Republic 509 BC (first Consuls) - 264 BC (First Punic War).; - The period of great conquests 264 BC-133 BC (beginning of the Civil Wars) BC; - Civil War period 133 BC-30 BC III period – The Age of Empire: - Principate 30 BC-180 AD (August's Board,the Julio-Claudian dynasties,Flavian dynasties,the Antonine dynasties. Beginning of the third-century crisis). - The crisis of the third century (180 AD-284 AD) led to the collapse of the Empire and the formation of 5 states. In 284 AD,the Empire was again united. - Dominate Period 284 AD-476 AD The last Emperor Romulus Augustulus was assassinated by his guard,marking the end of the Ancient world era. Some researchers consider the end of the era of Antiquity IV century AD,when the Christian religion won.

Roman Forum. Modern look.

Related topics

Roman Kingdom,Roman Republic,Roman Empire

Literature

1. Belkin M. V.,Verzhbitsky K. V. Istoriya Drevnego Rima [History of Ancient Rome]. Training manual. 2nd ed.,ispr. and add. - St. Petersburg: SPbU,2007. - 197 p. 2. Kovalev S. I. Istoriya Rima [History of Rome]. New edition,revised and expanded/Ed. by Prof. E. D. Frolov. - St. Petersburg.:"Polygon Publishing House. - 2002. -864 p. 3. Mashkin N. A. Istoriya Drevnego Rima [History of Ancient Rome],Moscow: Vysshaya shkola Publ.,2006,753 p.